STRATEGIES CENTRAL TO SSA (Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan) PROGRAMME

·         Institutional reforms- As part of the SSA, institutional reforms in the States were carried out. The states had to make an objective assessment of their prevalent education system including educational administration, achievement levels in schools, financial issues, decentralisation and community ownership, review of State Education Act, rationalization of teacher deployment and recruitment of teachers, monitoring and evaluation, education of girls, SC/ST and disadvantaged groups, policy regarding private schools and ECCE. Many States have already effected institutional reforms to improve the delivery system for elementary education.
·         Sustainable Financing - The Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan is based on the premise that financing of elementary education interventions has to be sustainable. This calls for a long-term perspective on financial partnership between the Central and the State governments.
·         Community ownership - The programme calls for community ownership of school based interventions through effective decentralisation. This was augmented by involvement of women's groups, VEC members and members of Panchayati Raj institutions. Thus involvement of community is an added dimension to the existing system of education due to the development in education.
·         Institutional capacity building -The SSA conceives a major capacity building role for national and state level-institutions like NIEPA/NCERT/NCTE/SCERT/S1EMAT. Improvement in quality requires a sustainable support system of resource persons. Vigorous efforts have been augmented in this direction which is again a result of development in education.
·         Improvement in mainstream educational administration - It calls for improvement of mainstream educational administration by institutional development, infusion of new approaches, and by adoption of cost effective and efficient methods.
·         Community based monitoring with full transparency- The Programme will have a community based monitoring system. The Educational Management Information System (EMIS) will correlate school level data with community based information from micro planning and surveys. Besides this, every school will have a notice board showing all the grants received by the school and other details thus making educational system more transparent.
·         Habitation as a unit of planning -The SSA works on a community based approach to planning with habitation as a unit of planning. Habitation plans will be the basis for formulating district plans thus ensuring full and complete coverage of the area.

·         Accountability to community- SSA envisages cooperation between teachers, parents and PRIs, as well as accountability and transparency. This made the educational programmes need-based and community relevant.
·         Education of girls - Education of girls, especially those belonging to the scheduled castes and scheduled tribes, was one of the principal concerns in Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan. This enabled the otherwise neglected sections of people in to the fold of education.
·         Focus on special groups - There will be a focus on the educational participation of children from SC/ST, religious and linguistic minorities disadvantaged groups and the disabled children leaving no one outside the fold of education.
·         Pre Project phase - SSA commenced throughout the country with a well planned pre project phase that provided for a large number of interventions for capacity development to improve the delivery and monitoring system. This was one of its kind programme well-planned and executed.
·         Thrust on quality - SSA lays a special thrust on making education at elementary level useful and relevant for children by improving the curriculum, child centred activities and effective teaching methods.
·         Role of teachers - SSA recognizes the critical role of teachers and advocates a focus on their development needs. Setting up of BRC/CRC, recruitment of qualified teachers, opportunities for teacher development through participation in curriculum related material development, focus on classroom process and exposure visits for teachers designed to develop the human resource among teachers.
·         District Elementary Education Plans - As per the SSA framework, each district will prepare a District Elementary Education Plan reflecting all the investments being made in elementary education sector, holistic and convergent. 

Comments

  1. Nice Information. Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan is designed to provide education which are financially unable children to get useful and relevant education at the right time. Primary education is free for all the children who belong to below poverty line and Indian Government provides the mid-day meal for primary schools.

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