·
Institutional reforms- As
part of the SSA, institutional reforms in the States were carried out. The
states had to make an objective assessment of their prevalent education system
including educational administration, achievement levels in schools, financial
issues, decentralisation and community ownership, review of State Education
Act, rationalization of teacher deployment and recruitment of teachers,
monitoring and evaluation, education of girls, SC/ST and disadvantaged groups,
policy regarding private schools and ECCE. Many States have already effected
institutional reforms to improve the delivery system for elementary education.
·
Sustainable Financing - The
Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan is based on the premise that financing of elementary
education interventions has to be sustainable. This calls for a long-term
perspective on financial partnership between the Central and the State governments.
·
Community ownership -
The programme calls for community ownership of school based
interventions through effective decentralisation. This was augmented by
involvement of women's groups, VEC members and members of Panchayati Raj
institutions. Thus involvement of community is an added dimension to the
existing system of education due to the development in education.
·
Institutional capacity
building -The SSA conceives a major capacity building role for national and
state level-institutions like NIEPA/NCERT/NCTE/SCERT/S1EMAT. Improvement in
quality requires a sustainable support system of resource persons. Vigorous
efforts have been augmented in this direction which is again a result of
development in education.
·
Improvement in
mainstream educational administration - It calls for improvement of
mainstream educational administration by institutional development, infusion of
new approaches, and by adoption of cost effective and efficient methods.
·
Community based monitoring
with full transparency- The Programme will have a community based
monitoring system. The Educational Management Information System (EMIS) will
correlate school level data with community based information from micro
planning and surveys. Besides this, every school will have a notice board
showing all the grants received by the school and other details thus making
educational system more transparent.
·
Habitation as a unit of
planning -The SSA works on a community based approach to planning with
habitation as a unit of planning. Habitation plans will be the basis for
formulating district plans thus ensuring full and complete coverage of the
area.
·
Accountability to
community- SSA envisages cooperation between teachers, parents and PRIs, as
well as accountability and transparency. This made the educational programmes
need-based and community relevant.
·
Education of girls - Education
of girls, especially those belonging to the scheduled castes and scheduled
tribes, was one of the principal concerns in Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan. This
enabled the otherwise neglected sections of people in to the fold of education.
·
Focus on special groups
- There will be a focus on the educational participation of children from
SC/ST, religious and linguistic minorities disadvantaged groups and the
disabled children leaving no one outside the fold of education.
·
Pre Project phase - SSA
commenced throughout the country with a well planned pre project phase that
provided for a large number of interventions for capacity development to
improve the delivery and monitoring system. This was one of its kind programme
well-planned and executed.
·
Thrust on quality - SSA
lays a special thrust on making education at elementary level useful and
relevant for children by improving the curriculum, child centred activities and
effective teaching methods.
·
Role of teachers - SSA
recognizes the critical role of teachers and advocates a focus on their
development needs. Setting up of BRC/CRC, recruitment of qualified teachers,
opportunities for teacher development through participation in curriculum
related material development, focus on classroom process and exposure visits
for teachers designed to develop the human resource among teachers.
·
District Elementary
Education Plans - As per the SSA framework, each district will prepare a
District Elementary Education Plan reflecting all the investments being made in
elementary education sector, holistic and convergent.
Nice Information. Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan is designed to provide education which are financially unable children to get useful and relevant education at the right time. Primary education is free for all the children who belong to below poverty line and Indian Government provides the mid-day meal for primary schools.
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