CHARACTERISTICS OF BUREAUCRACY

According to Marx Weber, the following distinctive features characterize a bureaucracy.

They are as follows:

i. Division of Labour:-

Specialized experts are employed in each position to perform specific tasks.

ii. Hierarchy of Authority:-

This means that there is an administrative hierarchy with each position under the supervision of a higher authority or a structure of command.

iii. Written Rules and Regulations:-

 There are specific rules and procedures which define in clear terms the responsibility of each member of the organization and the coordination of different tasks. Rules and regulations are important aspects of an organization for the efficiency and attainment of set goals. It is through the rules, regulations, and procedures that an organization ensures uniformity of performance of tasks.

iv. Impersonality:-

In bureaucracy there is formalized and impartial methods of dealing with clients. Bureaucratic norms and values dictate that officials perform their duties without the personal consideration of people as individuals. This is meant to provide equal treatment for the employees.

v. Employment Based on Technical Qualifications:-

 In a bureaucratic setting, the employment of workers is usually based on specialized training and clear career structure. In other words, employment of personnel is based on technical qualification rather than favouritism. In addition the performance of workers is measured by specific or set standards. Promotions of employees are also based on written personnel policies or regulations and conditions, which workers have to satisfy before being promoted from one position to another position.