A
summary of a research report or thesis is prepared in the form of abstract. It
provides the brief description of main points of research report. The main
theme is given in the abstract of a research work. Its size varies from 4 to 12
pages, but there is no hard and fast rule in this regard. It should be able to
communicate the whole work comprehensively.
There are two formats for preparing
abstract:
a)
First Type Format:
Includes
main points and theme of research work in brief. It includes the following
points: Introduction, main body of the text and conclusions. The introduction
part covers the problem, adjectives, hypothesis and theoretical aspect. The main
body of the text includes method sample techniques, tools used results. The
last part of abstract provides the conclusions of the study in the statement
form along with their implications in the field. This type of format is used in
scientific studies in the discipline of education.
b)
Second Type Format:
Includes the summary of the chapters of the research report. The
main theme of each chapter is given in this type of format of abstract. This
format is used in philosophical, historical and descriptive type of research in
the area of education.
Usually
a research abstract consists of three main parts:
•
Introduction,
•
Main Body of the report, and
•
Conclusions.
The
introductory part emphasizes the significance of the problem, objectives and
hypotheses (if any) of the study. The main body includes methods, sampling,
techniques, tools and results of the study. The last part provides
contributions or conclusions of the study. The implication of the findings are
also highlighted at the end. The structure of the report is also given and most
important references are also written in the form of bibliography. The abstract
is written in past tense and in the third person.
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