Ø Observation guides
Ø Recording sheets or checklist
Ø Schedule
Ø Field observation log
Ø Mechanical devices
·
Observation guides : These are printed forms that provide space for recording
observations. They are particularly useful when several observers are involved
or when you wish to obtain comparable information from several sites/
observation points or observations of many people. The more structured the
guide, the easier it will be to tally the results.
·
Recording sheets or checklist : These forms are used to record observations as in YES/NO
option (present – not present) or on a rating scale to indicate extent or
quality of something. Checklists are used when there are specific, observable
items, actions or attributes to be observed.
·
Schedule
: The data requirements
are identified by analyzing the core of the problem, the objectives of the
study, the investigative questions, hypothesis and the operational definition
of concepts and out of the data requirements, items of data to be collected
through observation are identified. A
schedule is then constructed, covering those items of data.
·
Field observation log : This
may take the form of a diary or cards. Each item of observation is recorded
under appropriate subheading.
At the time of observation , rough
noting may be made, and at the end of the day, fully log may be made. The card
system is flexible and facilitates arrangement and re-arrangement of items in
any desired order.
— Mechanical Devices : These may include cameras, tape recorders, videotape
and electronic devices. Still, motion , sound, colour and time
interval cameras give a permanent record of events. Microscopic and telescopic
lens may be used in cameras. Eye cameras are common in advertising and package
research. The camera makes a record that can be analyzed later and may be used
to illustrate your evaluation report.
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