The job specification states the
minimum acceptable qualifications that the incumbent must possess to perform
the job successfully. Based on the information acquired through job analysis,
the job specification identifies the knowledge, skills, and abilities needed to
do the job effectively. Individuals possessing the personal characteristics
identified in the job specification should perform the job more effectively
than individuals lacking these personal characteristics. The job specification,
therefore, is a important tool in the selection process, for it keeps the
selector’s attention on the list of qualifications necessary for an incumbent to
perform the job and assists in determining whether candidates are qualified.
According to
Dale Yoder, “The
job specification, as such a summary properly described is thus a specialized
job description, emphasizing personnel requirement and designed especially to
facilitate selection and placement.”
Flippo has
defined job specification as, “Job specification is a statement of the
minimum acceptable human qualities necessary to perform a job properly …………..
It is a standard of personnel and designates the qualities required for
acceptable performance.”
In is clear from the above
definitions that job specification is a statement of summary of personnel requirements
for a job. It may also be called “standard of personal for the selection”
A Job
Specification should include:
(i) Physical
characteristics, which
include health, strength, endurance, age, height, weight, vision, voice, eye,
hand and foot co-ordination, motor co-ordination, and colour discrimination.
(ii)
Psychological and social characteristics such as emotional stability,
flexibility, decision making ability, analytical view, mental ability, pleasing
manners, initiative, conversational ability etc.
(iii) Mental
Characteristics such
as general intelligence, memory, judgment, ability to concentrate, foresight
etc.
(iv) Personal
Characteristics such as
sex, education, family background, job experience, hobbies, extracurricular
activities etc.
All these characteristics must be
classified into three categories:
Essential
attributes which a person must possess.
Desirable
attributes which a person ought to posses.
Contra indicators which
will become a handicap to successful job performance.
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any suggestion on my side