An operating system performs the
following functions:
1. Resource
management
Allocation of computer resources
such as memory to various jobs is done by the operating system. It manages hard
disk storage, the CPU, main memory and other peripheral devices.
2. Data
management
Operating system provides data
management facilities such as data organisation and retrieval from secondary
storage devices. Files are created, named, read, deleted and renamed by the
operating system.
3. Job
management
In multi-user systems, it selects
new jobs for execution according to the priority fixed.
4. Input/output
management
It manages the flow of data and
instructions between the input/output devices and primary storage. It allocates
and manages 110 devices. It provides I/O instructions to start printing, stop
printing etc. If user intervention is required, for example, when printer is
run out of paper, the operating system
sends an appropriate message to
the user.
5. Maintaining
Security etc.
Maintain security, communication
of error and error control messages to the users, etc. are the other functions
of the operating system.
6. Conflict
resolution
When two or more programs call
for the same resource simultaneously, it results in conflict. Conflict
resolution is another major function of the operating system in multi-user systems.
In resolving conflict between applications, the operating system takes into
account factors like criticality of applications, priority of the user etc. and
allocates resources accordingly. Many operating systems have a set of modules
that can be tailored for the requirements of users.
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