Sociologists classify society into
different categories, depending on certain criteria. One such criterion level
economic and technological development achieved by the country.
Thus, the countries of the world are
classified as World War I, World War II and the Third World; First World
countries are those that are highly advanced industrial and economic fields,
such as the United
States , Japan , Britain , France , Italy , Germany and Canada and
others.
The Second
World country industrially advanced, but
not as much as the first category. Third
World societies are thus less developed
or are in the process of developing. Some authors add a fourth category, namely
the Fourth
World country. These countries can be
considered the "poorest of the poor" (Giddens, 1996).
Another might be important criteria for
the classification society that takes account of the temporal order and the
main source of economic organization (Lensiki and Lensiki, 1995). When
societies modernize, transform it from one form to another. The simplest form
of society which exists today, and can be considered the oldest, which is the
economic organization based on hunting and gathering. These are called hunting
and gathering societies. This society is dependent on hunting and gathering for
its survival. The second type is referred to as pastoral and horticultural
societies. Pastoral societies are those whose livelihood is based on grazing
animals such as cattle, camels, sheep and goats. Horticultural societies are those
where the economy is based on the cultivation of plants by using simple tools,
such as digging sticks, shovels, choppers, etc.
The third type is agrarian society. This
relationship, which is dominant in most parts of the world still, is based on
large-scale farming, which is largely dependent on teams with animal
production. The industrial revolution began in Britain during
the 18th century has given rise to a fourth type of society called the
Industrial Society. An industrial society, there is one commodity which is
produced by equipment powered by fuels instead of animal and human power. Sociologists have also come with the fifth emerging type of society
called post-industrial society. It is a society based on information, services
and high technology, rather than on raw materials and production. The highly
industrialized now passed the post-industrial levels include the United
States , Canada , Japan and Western
Europe .
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