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Common ground between sociological theories

S. No. Name of the  theory What does it state? Key concepts Its weaknesses 1 Structural Functionalism Sees society as a complex system whose parts work together to promote solidarity and stability Consensus, social order, structure and function in society. Emphasis on stability and order while neglecting conflict and changes which so vital in any society 2 Social conflict theory Sees society in a framework of class conflicts and focuses on the struggle for scarce resources by different groups in a given society Class conflict; alienation; competition; domination For its overemphasis on inequality and division, for neglecting the fact of how shared values and interdependence generate unity among members of society; it is also criticized for its explicit political goals. 3 Symbolic Interactionism Stresses the analysis of ...

Fender-Bender

A collision involving motor vehicles that results in minor damage is called fender bender. Fender bender on the disputing parties has conflicting interests. Many a times even careful and attentive drivers casual small engine to meet car accident; and the opposite situation arises. Unnecessary complications can be prevented if one knows how to deal with and react in such circumstances. Surviving a Fender-Bender Here are some important tips that every driver must be familiar with. 1. Keep calm 2. Call the police 3. Exchange information 4. Consider your deductible 5. Contact your insurance company 6. Get an estimate and repairs 1. Keep calm Keep your cool and do not engage in shouting their own. 2. Call the police Call the police to report the accident, even if it is small. 3. Exchanging Information Record the following information on a piece of paper. 1. Name, address and telephone number of the other driver (s) involved 2. Name and address of the own...

Concept of research

Research is actually an act of studying something carefully and extensively in order to attain deep knowledge in the same. For being successful, research should be systematic, arranged, summarized and recorded properly. Research is not only a process that is limited to the field of science. It can, as well, cater to people and scholars from artistic, historic or any other field where an individual is willing to do extensive study to get relevant information. Research can be creative, exploring or just reassuring in nature. Each one of us does some or the other research in our lifetime for sure. Research can affect a subject both positively and negatively and can be constructive or destructive in nature. Some people believe that research is mostly destructive in nature. However, you need to understand that it’s not the results from a research that determine its use; it’s the people who handle the results. In the following lines, we have just tried to emphasize the importance of resear...

Characteristics of Research

1. Empirical - based on observations and experimentation on theories 2. Systematic - follows orderly and sequential procedure. 3. Controlled - all variables except those that are tested/experimented upon are kept constant 4 . Employs hypothesis - guides the investigation process 5. Analytical - There is critical analysis of all data used so that there is no error in their interpretation 6. Objective, Unbiased, & Logical - all findings are logically based on empirical 7. Employs quantitative or statistical methods - data are transformed into numerical measures and are treated statistically 8. Original work 9. Done by an expert - the researcher uses valid and carefully designed procedures, valid data gathering 10 . Must be patient and unhurried activity - to ensure accuracy 11 . Require effort -making capacity

Significance of Research

To Gather Necessary Information Research provides you with all necessary information in field of your work, study or operation before you begin working on it. For example, most companies do research before beginning a project in order to get a basic idea about the things they will need to do for the project. Research also helps them get acquainted with the processes and resources involved and reception from the market. This information helps in the successful outcome of the project. To Make Changes Sometimes, there are in-built problems in a process or a project that is hard to discover. Research helps us find the root cause and associated elements of a process. The end result of such a research invokes a demand for change and sometimes is successful in producing changes as well. For example, many U.N researches have paved way for changes in environmental policies. Improving Standard Of Living Only through research can new inventions and discoveries come into life. It was C...

Pure research

Introduction: It is basic approach which is for the sake of knowledge. Fundamental research is usually carried on in a laboratory or other sterile environment, sometimes with animals. This type of research, which has no immediate or planned application, may later result in further research of an applied nature. Basic researches involve the development of theory. It is not concerned with practical applicability and most closely resembles the laboratory conditions and controls usually associated with scientific research. It is concerned establishing generally principles of learning. For example, much basic research has been conducted with animals to determine principles of reinforcement and their effect on learning. Like the experiment of skinner on cats gave the principle of conditioning and reinforcement. According to Travers, basic research is designed to add to an organized body of scientific knowledge and does not necessarily produce results of immediate practical value. Basic ...

ACTION RESEARCH

Introduction: Research designed to uncover effective ways of dealing with problems in the real world can be referred to as action research. 25 This kind of research is not confined to a particular methodology or paradigm. For example, a study of the effectiveness of training teenage parents to care for their infants. The study is based on statistical and other evidence that infants of teenage mothers seemed to be exposed to more risks than other infants. The mother and children were recruited for participation in the study while the children were still in neonate period. Mothers were trained at home or in an infant nursery. A controlled group received no training. The mothers trained at home were visited at 2-weeks interval over a 12-month period. Those trained in nursery setting attended 3-days per week for 6 months, were paid minimum wage, and assisted as staff in centre. Results of the study suggested that the children of both group of trained mothers benefited more in terms of...